Suchergebnisse

Disinformation presents a major threat to political stability as it propagates unsubstantiated beliefs and undermines the quality of public debate. To safeguard citizens against disinformation, there has been a rapid rise in online fact-checking and verification. Globally, such initiatives have gained support from a wide range of policy actors, media outlets, and technology developers. However, the effectiveness of these countermeasures remains open to question. Empirical research indicates that corrections are ineffective for certain demographic groups and may even reinforce or amplify false information. In addition, the assumption that disinformation may be countered through exposure to correct information fails to address the broader political, technological, and societal factors that underpin post-truth culture. In this paper, we argue that countermeasures which encourage citizens to reflect on the information they consume and choose to share is likely to be more effective than authoritative corrections. We test this assumption by investigating whether the provision of contextual information (i.e. about individual pieces of content and about individual's personal consumption habits) can influence strength of belief in disinformation claims and willingness to share disinformation among peers. This is tested through experiments in which subjects are asked to evaluate political disinformation on social media and are assigned to treatments with and without the contextual information treatments. The effectiveness of the treatment is analysed in terms of the subjects' ideological identity, political knowledge, and trust. Our findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the factors influencing citizens' willingness to share political disinformation and to the development of more robust countermeasures. This research is undertaken as part of a European Commission H2020 project on countering disinformation (grant number 825227).

This document describes the evaluation asset, which is a tool that supports the evaluation of applied games. The overall goal is to provide a modular approach to game evaluation that can easily be applied and integrated by game developers in their game projects. The idea of this asset is to utilise game-based user data and translate it into meaningful information about the quality of a game.The technical implementation of the asset consists in a client-side and a server-side component for collecting and pre-processing interaction data from games. This data is then analysed in terms of meaningful evaluation variables on which automatic reports and visualisations can be retrieved. The evaluation asset comes with configurable evaluation metrics for translating the data into meaningful information about aspects on usability and game experience. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This paper describes the evaluation asset, which is a tool that supports the evaluation of applied games. The overall goal is to provide a modular approach to game evaluation that can easily be applied and integrated by game developers in their game projects. The idea of this asset is to utilise game-based user data and translate it into meaningful information about the quality of a game. This asset has added value for various stakeholders – developers, who get an instrument to easily evaluate their software, training providers, who get information about the pedagogical value of games, and the players, who are enabled to provide quick feedback without distraction. Relevant related work from the field of learning and game analytics is summarised. The technical implementation of the asset consists in a client-side and a server-side component for collecting and pre-processing interaction data from games. This data is then analysed in terms of meaningful evaluation variables on which automatic reports and visualisations can be retrieved. The evaluation asset comes with configurable evaluation metrics for translating the data into meaningful information about aspects on usability and game experience. In addition, the evaluation asset may be linked to other assets, to make use of their data for additional information on the quality of a game. The technical implementation of the asset is described, as well as its integration and application in the context of a game. The evaluation asset, as an evaluation instrument complementing more traditional techniques (e.g. questionnaires), will be incorporated in the applied games developed in RAGE and applied in the context of the pilot studies. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

Digital learning games are useful educational tools with high motivational potential. With the application of games for instruction there comes the need of acknowledging learning game experiences also in the context of educational assessment. Learning analytics provides new opportunities for supporting assessment in and of educational games. We give an overview of current learning analytics methods in this field and reflect on existing challenges. An approach of providing reusable software assets for interaction assessment and evaluation in games is presented. This is part of a broader initiative of making available advanced methodologies and tools for supporting applied game development. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

The EU-based industry for non-leisure games is an emerging business. As such it is still fragmented and needs to achieve critical mass to compete globally. Nevertheless its growth potential is widely recognized. To become competitive the relevant applied gaming communities and SMEs require support by fostering the generation of innovation potential. The European project Realizing an Applied Gaming Ecosystem (RAGE) is aiming at supporting this challenge. RAGE will help by making available an interoperable set of advanced technology assets, tuned to applied gaming, as well as proven practices of using asset-based applied games in various real-world contexts, and finally a centralized access to a wide range of applied gaming software modules, services and related document, media, and educational resources within an online community portal called the RAGE Ecosystem. It is based on an integrational, user-centered approach of Knowledge Management and Innovation Processes in the shape of a service-based implementation. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This milestones document reports on the instruments for the evaluation studies on the applied games in the first round pilots, which will be carried out in close collaboration between WP5 and WP8. In the present document elaborations on the evaluation instruments related to all evaluation levels are presented. For each of the application scenarios the domain- and use-case-specific measures for learning and transfer are explored and discussed individually. For the measurement of evaluation variables that are not use case- or learning content-specific, the same or similar instruments will be used across all use cases. The use of shared instruments across pilots will enable general-level comparison between the games. These may be complemented by additional instruments focusing on aspects of game experience that might be particularly relevant in a particular use case. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This document is the first out of three iterations of the DMP that will be formally delivered during the project. Version 2 is due in month 24 and version 3 towards the end of the project. The DMP thus is not a fixed document; it evolves and gains more precision and substance during the lifespan of the project. In this first version we describe the planned research data sets related to the RAGE evaluation and validation activities, and the fifteen principles that will guide data management in RAGE. The former are described in the format of the EU data management template, and the latter in terms of their guiding principle, how we propose to implement them, and when they will be implemented. This document is thus first of all relevant to WP5 and WP8 members. ; This publication has been produced in the context of the RAGE project. The project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. However, this deliverable reflects only the author's view and the European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

Digital games constitute a major emerging technology that is expected to enter mainstream educational use within a few years. The highly engaging and motivating character of such games bears great potential to support immersive, meaningful, and situated learning experiences. To seize this potential, meaningful quality and impact measurements are indispensible. Although there is a growing body of evidence on the efficacy of games for learning, evaluation is often poorly designed, incomplete, biased, if not entirely absent. Well-designed evaluations demonstrating the educational effect as well as the return on investment of serious games may foster broader adoption by educational institutions and training providers, and support the development of the serious game industry. The European project RAGE introduces a comprehensive and multi-perspective framework for serious game evaluation, which is presented in this paper. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

Digital game technologies are a promising way to enable training providers to reach other target groups, namely those who are not interested in traditional learning technologies. Theoretically, through using digital game technologies we are able to foster the acquisition of any competence by specifying competency structures, offering adequate problem solving support while maintaining motivation and taking personality into consideration as part of the tailored game experience. In this paper, we illustrate how this is done within the RAGE project, which aims to develop, transform, and enrich advanced technologies into self-contained gaming assets for the leisure games industry to support game studios in developing applied games easier, faster, and more cost effectively. The software assets discussed here represent a modular approach for fostering learning in applied games. These assets address four main pedagogical functions: competency structures (i.e., logical order for learning), motivation, performance support (i.e., guidance to maintain learning), and adaption to the player's personality. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This document is the second out of three iterations of the DMP that will be formally delivered during the project. Version 3 is due towards the end of the project. The DMP thus is not a fixed document; it evolves and gains more precision and substance during the lifespan of the project. This version 2 of the DMP is informed by the following project results: 1) In January 2016 WP8 delivered D8.1 - RAGE Evaluation Framework and Guidelines including extensive guidelines on how to apply the principles of ethics, privacy and open access in the RAGE evaluations; 2) In July 2016 the Executive Management Board selected the OpenAIRE-Zenodo as the preferred open access repository to manage the consortium's research data. The selection of Zenodo addresses a number of issues that were left open in version 1 of this DMP; 3) In November 2016 WP8 delivered the MS8 - First Pilot Validation Instruments document, outlining procedures and tools to be used in the pilot evaluations, including a chapter on the use of Zenodo. The MS8-document provides an update of the data sets that will be generated as part of the pilot evaluations, as compared to the data sets initially specified in version 1 of this DMP. This document is thus first of all relevant to WP5 and WP8 members. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This deliverable outlines the implementation plan for each of the first-round studies of the RAGE pilots. The main goal of these pilots is to perform a small-scale test of the RAGE games with end-users and intermediary stakeholders in five different non-leisure domains to guide the further development of the games for the final validation studies. At the same time the pilots implement the pre-testing of the research instruments and methodology for answering the main evaluation questions in the five areas of investigation identified in D8.1: 1) usability, 2) game experience, 3) learning effectiveness, 4) transfer effect and 5) pedagogical costs and benefits. Finally, the pilots are aimed at collecting preliminary results for a first formative evaluation of the games and game technologies, with the goal of feeding back useful information to development for the final versions of games and assets. The results of the first pilot will be compared with the results of the final evaluation studies to demonstrate improvements of the game and game effects from first to final version. A revision of the deliverable will be done in the next few months to produce the final arrangement document (D5.1, due at M21). ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This document presents the RAGE evaluation methodology. It provides the framework and accompanying guidelines for the evaluation and validation of the quality and effectiveness of the project outputs. Formative and summative evaluations of the different RAGE technologies and their underlying methodologies – the assets, the Ecosystem, and the applied games – will be carried out on the basis of this common framework. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This deliverable is a confirmation and update of 'D5.5 - First Version Scenario Arrangement Document – round 1' after a revisions with game developers. It outlines the implementation plan for each of the first-round studies of the RAGE pilots. The main goal of these pilots is to perform a small-scale test of the RAGE games with end-users and intermediary stakeholders in five different non-leisure domains to guide the further development of the games for the final validation studies. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This deliverable outlines the implementation plan for the second round of RAGE pilots which are planned by WP5 partners between December 2017 and November 2018, involving 2400/2500 participants. These pilots aim to perform the final validation of the applied games which have been created and improved during the RAGE project with the RAGE ecosystem's assets. Each pilot is described in terms of 1) implementation aspects (recruitment modality, when, where, resources and support) 2) participants (characteristics, number, subgroups) and 3) design, methodology and instruments. Finally, 4) a risk management analysis is presented to identify potential risks which could interfere with the success of the pilot and a number of measures to prevent the occurrence of such risks or reduce their impact. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

This deliverable outlines the design blueprints for the RAGE application scenario games and forms the rest of the scope for WP4's tasks. The game designs have been developed in collaboration with application scenario partners in WP5, and informed by WP1, 2 & 3. Additionally peer-feedback has been provided by game developers across WP4. The designs outline the integration of the RAGE assets developed in WP2 and WP3. Each section provides in detail the game play descriptions, game dynamics and mechanics, pedagogies and technical implementation of the RAGE assets into the game applications as described in detailed in WP5's application documents. The full description of the application objectives and associated learning outcomes has been provided in the project's MS2 Application Scenario Outlines document. ; This study is part of the RAGE project. The RAGE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 644187. This publication reflects only the author's view. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.